Développement d’une méthodologie d’Éco-Conception des motorisations électriques

The transportation sector has a significant impact on ecology and the environment, both in terms of air and soil pollution, production of greenhouse gases (around 20% in the world and 40% in France), but also in terms of supply of material resources. To face these problems, which are becoming urgent, developed countries worldwide have started a massive electrification of their car fleets with a high volume production of the main components of the electric vehicle powertrain: the battery, the static power converter, the electric motor, and the mechanical transmission elements. The electric motor is a central component of the powertrain, generally made of rare-earth magnets, copper, magnetic iron sheets (FeSi), aluminum and steel. Their massive production on a global scale will therefore have a considerable impact on greenhouse gases and on the depletion of resources. Moreover, the growth of energy costs and its probable scarcity in the future will constrain us to consider the energy consumed during the life cycle of the electric motor, especially during its design and its potential recycling. 
The goal of this thesis is to develop an eco-design methodology for electric motors (especially for automotive traction applications), in terms of energy consumption, greenhouse gases, and the impact on critical resources. This approach will allow considering quantitative environmental criteria by using dedicated databases. It requires to consider the whole life cycle, from raw material extraction, to use, to recycling of the electrical machine.